Shah Waliullah Dehlawi

Shaykh al-Islām, Imam of Hind, Mujaddid
Shah Waliullah Dehlawi
Shaykh al-Islām, Imam of Hind, Mujaddid Shah Waliullah Dehlawi
قطب الدين أحمد ولي الله بن عبد الرحيم العمري الدهلوي
Personal
Born	21 February 1703; Phulat, Muzaffarnagar, Mughal Empire
Died	20 August 1762 (aged 59); Delhi, Mughal Empire
Resting place	Munhadiyan
Religion	Islam
Nationality	Mughal
Denomination	Sunni
Jurisprudence	Hanafi
Creed	Ash'ari ; (Hanbali influenced)
Movement	Sufi Reformism; Islamic revival in the Indian subcontinent
Main interest(s)	Hadith, Tafsir, History, Bibliography, Fiqh
Notable work(s)	Translation of the Quran into Persian; Hujjatullah-il-Baligha; Al-Fauzul Kabeer; Izalat al-Khafa 'an Khilafat al-Khulafa; Al-Akidatul Hasanah; Majmua Rasail Imam Shah Wali Ullah
Occupation	Mufassir, Muhaddtih, Historiographer, Bibliographer, Theologian, Philosopher, Academic, Linguist
Muslim leader
	Students Murtada al-Zabidi, Majduddin;
	Influenced by Abu Hanifa, Al-Shafi‘i, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Ibn Taymiyyah, Baha' al-Din Naqshband;
	Influenced Shah Abdul Aziz Dehlavi;
	Arabic name
Personal (Ism)	Aḥmad; أحمد
Epithet (Laqab)	Quṭb ad-Dīn; قطب الدين; Shāh Walīullāh; شاه ولي الله
Toponymic (Nisba)	al-ʿUmarī; العمري; ad-Dihlawī; الدهلوي

Qutb ud-Din Ahmad ibn ʿAbd-ur-Rahim al-ʿUmari ad-Dehlawi (Arabic: قطب الدين أحمد بن عبد الرحيم العمري الدهلوي, romanized: Quṭb ad-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd-ur-Raḥīm al-ʿUmarī ad-Dehlawī‎; 1703–1762), commonly known as Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (also Shah Wali Allah), was an Islamic Sunni scholar and Sufi of the Naqshbandi order,^[17] who is seen by his followers as a renewer.^[18]^[19] He emphasized the importance of following Sharia and believed in the unification of Hanafi and Shafi'i schools of law, aiming to reduce legal differences.

^ Siddiqa, Ayesha. "Peace in Afghanistan." (2019): 703–710. "The first significant name is Shah Waliullah (1703–62), a Hanafi scholar,"
^ Shahid, Amir Khan. "DISPLACEMENT OF SHAH WALIULLAH’S Shah MOVEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON NORTHERN INDIAN MUSLIM REVIVALIST THOUGHTS. Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan 51.2 (2014). "It would not be out of context to cite a reference of Shah Abdul Aziz (1746–1824) which is provided by Manazar Ahsan Gilanithat someone enquired from Shah Waliullah whether the Shias were kafir. He maintained the different viewpoints among the Hanafi School of thought on the subject.."
^ Mohammad Afzal (2003). "Shah Wali Allah's Philosophy of Education". No. 108 of N.I.H.C.R. publication. National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research, Centre of Excellence, Quaid-i-Azam University. p. 12. ISBN 9789694150628. Shah Wali Allah agrees with Shaykh Abu'l Hassan Ashari on most of the points held in dispute. In the beginning of the tenth khizanab he mentions fourteen main points. Shah Wali Allah is of the view that the Ashari school of thought generally represents the school of the companions. It is stated that Shah Wali Allah himself was Ashari in taste. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
^ Mohammad Sharif Khan (Professor of Education, Aligarh Muslim University); Mohammad Anwar Saleem (Department of Philosophy, Aligarh Muslim University) (1994). Muslim Philosophy and Philosophers. New Delhi: Ashish Publishing Houseg. p. 25. ISBN 9788170246237.
^ Edward Craig, ed. (1998). Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Questions to sociobiology. Vol. 8. Routledge. p. 734. ISBN 9780415187138. In the tenth khizana, Shah Wali Allah explains his theological view which, according to him, is in full accord with Ash'arite theology.
^ Oliver Leaman, ed. (2015). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Islamic Philosophy. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 558. ISBN 9781472569462. Another important work dealing with metaphysics is al-Khayr al-Kathir (The Abundant Good), which is divided into ten chapters or, by his description of it, khizana (treasures). The book seeks to reconstruct new cohesive modes pertaining to the reality of wujud (being), the knowledge of God and human knowledge, the relationship between the Creator and the cosmos, and the reality of prophecy and the prophethood of Muhammad. Then, he discusses the principles of sainthood and Sufism. In the eighth and ninth chapters, practical and theoretical religious matters, such as the Shari'a (Islamic law) and the eschatological theories of Islam, are evaluated. In the last chapter, his theological views, generally in line with the Ash'arite theological school, are discussed.
^ Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (2008). Ahmad Farid al-Mazidi (ed.). الخير الكثير أو خزائن الحكمة [The Abundant Good or Repositories of Wisdom] (in Arabic). Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya. p. 6. ISBN 9782745158123 – via Google Books. وقال في الختام: وكتبه بيده الفقير إلى رحمة الله الكريم الودود ولي الله أحمد بن عبد الرحيم بن وجيه الدين بن معظم الدين بن منصور بن أحمد بن محمود عفا الله عنه وعنهم، وألحقه وإياهم بأسلافهم الصالحين؛ العمري نسباً، الدهلوي وطناً، الأشعري عقيدة، الصوفي طريقة، الحنفي عملاً، والحنفي والشافعي تدريساً [He (i. e., Shah Waliullah Dehlawi) then finally said: "And he wrote it with his hand, the one needy of the mercy of Allah the Generous and Most Loving, Waliullah Ahmad b. 'Abd al-Rahim b. Wajih al-Din b. Mu'azzam al-Din b. Mansur b. Ahmad b. Mahmud, Allah forgive him and them, and join him and them with their righteous ancestors. Al-'Umari by way of lineage, al-Dehlawi by way of homeplace, al-Ash'ari in 'Aqida, al-Sufi in Tariqah, al-Hanafi by way of practice, al-Hanafi and al-Shafi'i in terms of teaching."]
^ "Shah Waliullah Ijazah:Hanafi, Ashari, Sufi". daralhadith.org.uk. 31 December 2008. Archived from the original on 11 Nov 2023.
^ "Shah Waliullah – transmitter of an Ashari Musalsal chain". daralhadith.org.uk. 14 February 2015. Archived from the original on 11 Nov 2023.
^ Brown, Jonathan A. C. (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy (PDF). Oneworld Publications. p. 78. Like Ibn Taymiyya, he rejected the speculative theology of Ash'ari and advocated the straightforward acceptance of God's description of Himself
^ Muhammad Mosleh-uddin (2003). Shah Waliullah's Contribution to Hadith Literature: A Critical Study. Aligarh, India: Department of Islamic Studies: Aligarh Muslim University. pp. 293, 88–89. Shah Waliullah's 'Aqida was the 'aqida of Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah and especially that of early Ash'arites who were according to his opinion very nearer to Imam Ahmad bin Hunbal (d241H./855). In this matter Shah Waliullah was not pleased with the latest hair-splitter and interpreter Ash'arites... He was against all sects which are not following the Quran and Sunnah directly in the field of 'Aqida.. according to Shah Waliullah and his teacher Shaikh Abu Tahir Kurdi, Al-Ash'ari was the follower of the school of imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (d 241H./855) in 'aqida and Imam Ibn Taimiyah's (d.728 H./1328) 'aqida was the same 'aqida.
^ Geaves, Ron. "A Comparison of the Ideas of Maulana Mawdudi (1903–1980) and Shah Wali-Allah (1703–1762): A Pure Islam or Cultural Heritage." Islamic Quarterly 41.3 (1997): 169.
^ Muhammad Mosleh-uddin (2003). Shah Waliullah's Contribution to Hadith Literature: A Critical Study. Aligarh, India: Department of Islamic Studies: Aligarh Muslim University. p. 2. As for Tasawuf Shah Waliullah was a reformist Sufi..
^ "Shah Waliullah Dehlavi". Encyclopedia of World Biography. Encyclopedia.com.
^ Robinson, Francis (2001). The 'Ulama of Farangi Mahall and Islamic Culture in South Asia. C. Hurst. p. 225. ISBN 9781850654759.
^ Brown, Jonathan A. C. (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy (PDF). Oneworld Publications. p. 78. ISBN 978-1780744209. In his resistance to rigid loyalty to the madhhabs, his critique of the excesses of Sufism and his rejection of Ash'ari speculative theology, Ibn Taymiyya brought together important strains of iconoclastic opposition to the powerful medieval institutions of Islamic thought. Shah Wali Allah devoted a treatise to defending him and praised him as one of the great scholars of Sunni Islam.
^ Peter N. Stearns, ed. (2008). The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World. Vol. 4. Oxford University Press. p. 243. ISBN 9780195176322.
^ Kunju, Saifudheen (2012). "Shah Waliullah al-Dehlawi: Thoughts and Contributions": 1. Retrieved 5 April 2015. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[1] Siddiqa, Ayesha. "Peace in Afghanistan." (2019): 703–710. "The first significant name is Shah Waliullah (1703–62), a Hanafi scholar,"

[2] Shahid, Amir Khan. "DISPLACEMENT OF SHAH WALIULLAH’S Shah MOVEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON NORTHERN INDIAN MUSLIM REVIVALIST THOUGHTS. Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan 51.2 (2014). "It would not be out of context to cite a reference of Shah Abdul Aziz (1746–1824) which is provided by Manazar Ahsan Gilanithat someone enquired from Shah Waliullah whether the Shias were kafir. He maintained the different viewpoints among the Hanafi School of thought on the subject.."

[3] Mohammad Afzal (2003). "Shah Wali Allah's Philosophy of Education". No. 108 of N.I.H.C.R. publication. National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research, Centre of Excellence, Quaid-i-Azam University. p. 12. ISBN 9789694150628. Shah Wali Allah agrees with Shaykh Abu'l Hassan Ashari on most of the points held in dispute. In the beginning of the tenth khizanab he mentions fourteen main points. Shah Wali Allah is of the view that the Ashari school of thought generally represents the school of the companions. It is stated that Shah Wali Allah himself was Ashari in taste. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)

[4] Mohammad Sharif Khan (Professor of Education, Aligarh Muslim University); Mohammad Anwar Saleem (Department of Philosophy, Aligarh Muslim University) (1994). Muslim Philosophy and Philosophers. New Delhi: Ashish Publishing Houseg. p. 25. ISBN 9788170246237.

[5] Edward Craig, ed. (1998). Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Questions to sociobiology. Vol. 8. Routledge. p. 734. ISBN 9780415187138. In the tenth khizana, Shah Wali Allah explains his theological view which, according to him, is in full accord with Ash'arite theology.

[6] Oliver Leaman, ed. (2015). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Islamic Philosophy. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 558. ISBN 9781472569462. Another important work dealing with metaphysics is al-Khayr al-Kathir (The Abundant Good), which is divided into ten chapters or, by his description of it, khizana (treasures). The book seeks to reconstruct new cohesive modes pertaining to the reality of wujud (being), the knowledge of God and human knowledge, the relationship between the Creator and the cosmos, and the reality of prophecy and the prophethood of Muhammad. Then, he discusses the principles of sainthood and Sufism. In the eighth and ninth chapters, practical and theoretical religious matters, such as the Shari'a (Islamic law) and the eschatological theories of Islam, are evaluated. In the last chapter, his theological views, generally in line with the Ash'arite theological school, are discussed.

[7] Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (2008). Ahmad Farid al-Mazidi (ed.). الخير الكثير أو خزائن الحكمة [The Abundant Good or Repositories of Wisdom] (in Arabic). Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya. p. 6. ISBN 9782745158123 – via Google Books. وقال في الختام: وكتبه بيده الفقير إلى رحمة الله الكريم الودود ولي الله أحمد بن عبد الرحيم بن وجيه الدين بن معظم الدين بن منصور بن أحمد بن محمود عفا الله عنه وعنهم، وألحقه وإياهم بأسلافهم الصالحين؛ العمري نسباً، الدهلوي وطناً، الأشعري عقيدة، الصوفي طريقة، الحنفي عملاً، والحنفي والشافعي تدريساً [He (i. e., Shah Waliullah Dehlawi) then finally said: "And he wrote it with his hand, the one needy of the mercy of Allah the Generous and Most Loving, Waliullah Ahmad b. 'Abd al-Rahim b. Wajih al-Din b. Mu'azzam al-Din b. Mansur b. Ahmad b. Mahmud, Allah forgive him and them, and join him and them with their righteous ancestors. Al-'Umari by way of lineage, al-Dehlawi by way of homeplace, al-Ash'ari in 'Aqida, al-Sufi in Tariqah, al-Hanafi by way of practice, al-Hanafi and al-Shafi'i in terms of teaching."]

[8] "Shah Waliullah Ijazah:Hanafi, Ashari, Sufi". daralhadith.org.uk. 31 December 2008. Archived from the original on 11 Nov 2023.

[9] "Shah Waliullah – transmitter of an Ashari Musalsal chain". daralhadith.org.uk. 14 February 2015. Archived from the original on 11 Nov 2023.

[10] Brown, Jonathan A. C. (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy (PDF). Oneworld Publications. p. 78. Like Ibn Taymiyya, he rejected the speculative theology of Ash'ari and advocated the straightforward acceptance of God's description of Himself

[11] Muhammad Mosleh-uddin (2003). Shah Waliullah's Contribution to Hadith Literature: A Critical Study. Aligarh, India: Department of Islamic Studies: Aligarh Muslim University. pp. 293, 88–89. Shah Waliullah's 'Aqida was the 'aqida of Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah and especially that of early Ash'arites who were according to his opinion very nearer to Imam Ahmad bin Hunbal (d241H./855). In this matter Shah Waliullah was not pleased with the latest hair-splitter and interpreter Ash'arites... He was against all sects which are not following the Quran and Sunnah directly in the field of 'Aqida.. according to Shah Waliullah and his teacher Shaikh Abu Tahir Kurdi, Al-Ash'ari was the follower of the school of imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (d 241H./855) in 'aqida and Imam Ibn Taimiyah's (d.728 H./1328) 'aqida was the same 'aqida.

[12] Geaves, Ron. "A Comparison of the Ideas of Maulana Mawdudi (1903–1980) and Shah Wali-Allah (1703–1762): A Pure Islam or Cultural Heritage." Islamic Quarterly 41.3 (1997): 169.

[13] Muhammad Mosleh-uddin (2003). Shah Waliullah's Contribution to Hadith Literature: A Critical Study. Aligarh, India: Department of Islamic Studies: Aligarh Muslim University. p. 2. As for Tasawuf Shah Waliullah was a reformist Sufi..

[encyclopedia.com-14] "Shah Waliullah Dehlavi". Encyclopedia of World Biography. Encyclopedia.com.

[15] Robinson, Francis (2001). The 'Ulama of Farangi Mahall and Islamic Culture in South Asia. C. Hurst. p. 225. ISBN 9781850654759.

[auto-16] Brown, Jonathan A. C. (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy (PDF). Oneworld Publications. p. 78. ISBN 978-1780744209. In his resistance to rigid loyalty to the madhhabs, his critique of the excesses of Sufism and his rejection of Ash'ari speculative theology, Ibn Taymiyya brought together important strains of iconoclastic opposition to the powerful medieval institutions of Islamic thought. Shah Wali Allah devoted a treatise to defending him and praised him as one of the great scholars of Sunni Islam.

[Oxford_Encyclopedia-17] Peter N. Stearns, ed. (2008). The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World. Vol. 4. Oxford University Press. p. 243. ISBN 9780195176322.

[18] Kunju, Saifudheen (2012). "Shah Waliullah al-Dehlawi: Thoughts and Contributions": 1. Retrieved 5 April 2015. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[:1-19] Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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